NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Economics 2023 PDFs are available here to download for free. Pdf links for the solutions are provided here in this article. Class 12 is considered as one of the most important years of a student’s life. Students of class12 go through so much stress and anxiety due to the pressure and importance of board exams. Students are expected to perform their best in the boards and get a really good score. The class 12 score helps the student to decide his/her future college, course and future in all. Economics is one very important chapter that plays an important role in a student’s class 12 scorecard. Economics even helps the students in future studies and to understand the basics of the further related studies.

NCERT Class 12 Economics Solutions 2023 PDF

Economics is an important subject which makes the students understand about his/her surroundings in great detail. It analyzes the market, government and business which further affects the economy of our country. This article will provide NCERT solutions of class 12 economics which will help the students in easy and fast learning.

Syllabus of NCERT Economics Class 12 

The economics syllabus of class 12 is majorly divided into 2 parts

• Microeconomics
• Macroeconomics

Chapters of Macroeconomics

• Introduction to Macroeconomics
• National Income Accounting
• Money and Banking
• Determination of Income and Employment
• Government Budget And Economy 
• Open Economy Macroeconomics

Chapters of Microeconomics 

• Introduction to Microeconomics
• Theory of consumer behavior
• Production and Costs
• The Theory of Firm Under Perfect Competition
• Market Competition
• Non Competitive Markets

Basic Details of Each Chapter of NCERT Class 12 Macroeconomics

• Chapter 1 gives the students an introduction to class 12 about economics and talks about features of the Capitalist economy, Great Depression of 1929 and many more 
• Chapter 2 talks about planned and unplanned inventory accumulation, payment and alot more 
• Chapter 3 makes the student understand concepts like money supply, transaction demand, Barter system etc. Also it makes the students learn about the functions of commercial banks, multipliers, delimitation of money and a lot more related to money and Banking 
• Chapter 4 talks about numerical problems like effective demand, Paradox of Thrift etc. and models of determining National Income 
• Chapter 5 makes us understand the difference between fiscal deficit, revenue expenditure, capital expenditure etc. 
• Chapter 6 points out rate, risks and system of foreign exchange and also defines topics like balance of trade, visible and invisible items etc.

Basic Details of Each Chapter of NCERT Class 12 Microeconomics

• Chapter 1 is basically an introduction about economics and its concepts. It talks about economic problems and scope. The chapter also clears the concepts between microeconomics and macroeconomics 
• Chapter 2 talks about consumer Equilibrium, budget line, budget set, downward sloping of budget line and a lot more like utility and marginal utility
• Chapter 3 focuses on production and Costs and the concepts related to it like production function of the product, an average of the product and others. Talking about costs, the chapter focuses on a different types of costs like variable cost, total cost and also about cost function and explanation
• Chapter 4 focuses on topics like revenue, supply and producer equilibrium. The chapter contains an elaboration of topics like technological progress, the supply curve of business organization, different kinds of revenue and how it influences a firm.
• Chapter 5 starts from defining the concept of a good market and different types of market
• Chapter 6 contains a detailed elaboration of monopolistic competition and its association with zero profit and related concepts

NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Macroeconomics Pdf links

• Chapter 1 Introduction to Macroeconomics and its concepts
• Chapter 2 National Income and Related Aggregates 
• Chapter 3 Money and Banking 
• Chapter 4 Income Determination
• Chapter 5 The Government- Budget and The Economy 
• Chapter 6 Open-Economy Macroeconomics

NCERT Solutions For Class 12 Microeconomics Pdf links

• Chapter 1 Introduction to Microeconomics
• Chapter 2 Theory of Consumer Behaviour
• Chapter 3 Production and Costs
• Chapter 4 The Theory of The Firm Under Perfect Competition
• Chapter 5 Market Equilibrium
• Chapter 6 Non Competitive Markets 

Benefits of preparing from NCERT solutions

• Solutions of NCERT will cover everything from basic to advanced level and will make it easy for the students to understand and learn quickly. 
• One can know the solutions of all the exercises of NCERT.
• One can access the solutions from anywhere and anytime through his/her phone.
• NCERT solutions are a great help during preparation for exams

Other Important Links on CBSE Class 12