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BCECE LE - Syllabus
Bihar Combined Entrance Competitive Examination Lateral Entry
Pen & Paper Mode
Updated On - September 17 2022 by Srishti Pandey
Solid geometry |
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Cartesian, cylindrical, polar, spherical polar coordinates, direction ratios and direction cosines, equations of planes and straight lines shortest distance, coordinate transformations, spheres, cones, cylinders, ellipsoids, paraboloids, and hyperboloid |
Standard equations |
With illustration, tangent, planes, and normals |
Differential calculus |
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Review of limit |
Continuity and differentiability of functions of a single variable with terminology, properties of continuous functions, geometrical illustrations, applications of differentiation to approximate computations, successive differentiation, Leibniz rule |
Rolle's theorem, Cauchy's mean value theorem (Lagrange mean value theorem as a special case) |
Taylor and Maclaurin expansions, L-hospital rule, reviews of maxima and minima of function of single variable, concavity and convexity of curve, points of inflexion, asymptotes, and curvature |
Limit, continuity, and differentiability of function, geometrical interpretations, differentials, derivatives of composite and implicit function, derivative of higher orders and their commutatively, Euler's theorem on homogeneous function |
Taylor expansion of functions of several variables, maxima and minima of functions of several variables |
Lagrange method of multipliers |
Integral calculus |
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Riemann integrals (upper and lower sums), definite integral as the limit of a sum, fundamental theorem of integral calculus, mean value theorems, evaluation of definite integrals, reduction formula, convergence of improper integrals, tests of convergence |
Beta and gamma functions, elementary properties, differentiation under integral sign, differentiation of integrals with variable limits, Leibniz rule, integrals dependent on a parameter applications, rectification, double and triple integrals |
Computation of surfaces and volumes, changes of variables in double integrals, Jacobean transformations, integrals dependent on parameters application |
Differential equations |
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First-order equation variable separable, exact, homogeneous, linear and Bernoulli's form, second-order equations with constant coefficients, Euler equations, methods of their solution, dependence, and independence of solutions |
Wronskian systems of first-order equations (simple type) |
Vector calculus |
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Scalar and vector fields, level surfaces, directional derivative, gradient, Curl, divergence, Laplacian, line and surface integrals, theorem of Greene, Gauss, and Stokes, orthogonal curvilinear coordinates, infinite series |
Sequence and series their convergence and divergence, test of convergence, power series-uniform, and absolute convergence |
Matrices |
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Algebra of matrices, vector space, the linear dependence of vectors, rank and inverse of a matrix, solutions of algebraic equations, consistency conditions, eigenvalue and eigenvectors, similarity transformation reduction to a diagonal matrix |
Fourier series |
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Its convergence, Dirichlet conditions, half range series |
Introduction |
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Idealization of mechanics, concept of rigid body |
External forces (body forces and surface forces), laws of mechanics |
Vector methods |
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Equality and equivalence of vectors, free and bound vectors, principle of transmissibility of forces, moment of force about a point and about a line, couple and moment of a couple, couple moment as a free-vector, addition and subtraction of couples |
Various systems of forces |
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Statically equivalent force systems, simples equivalent of a system of forces |
Equilibrium |
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Force analysis, free body diagram, equations of equilibrium and their applications to the various systems of forces, plane trusses |
Friction |
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Friction on dry surfaces, static, kinetic, and rolling friction, applications to inclined planes, wedge and blocks and belts, and pulleys |
Kinematics and kinetics of a particle |
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Rectilinear and curvilinear translations, normal and tangential components of acceleration, projectile motion on a smooth vertical curve |
Impulse and momentum |
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Linear impulse and linear momentum, the central impact of elastic, semi-elastic, and plastic bodies |
Kinematics and kinetics of rigid bodies |
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Angular velocity and angular acceleration, effective forces on a rigid body, D' Alembert's principle-application to highways and railway tracks, instantaneous centre of rotation, compound pendulum, the centre of percussion, rotation of rigid bodies |
Rolling motion, the plane motion of rigid bodies, simple application-four bar mechanism |
Work, energy, and power |
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Work done by forces and couples, potential, elastic, and kinetic energy, work-energy, conservation of energy, the concept of power and efficiency |
Grammar and comprehension |
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Subject-Verb concord |
Tense |
Voice |
Synthesis |
Common errors |
Vocabulary |
Unseen passage |
Business correspondence |
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Drafting official and business letters |
Grafting circulars and official orders/ instructions |
Drafting minutes and agenda of the meeting |
Elementary spoken English |
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Elementary theory of phonetics |
Sentence and paragraph writing |
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Report writing |
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Importance of reports in the present-day industrial set-up |
Classification of reports |
Writing of reports: (a) Format, (b) Mechanics of language |
Technical description of things and processes |
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Precis writing |
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Spoken English |
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Anatomy |
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Introduction of bones and muscles |
Different vital organs: (i) Respiratory organs, (ii) circulatory organs, (iii) digestive organs, (iv) reproductive organ, (v) liver and spleen, (vi) excretory organ, (vii) central nervous organ, (viii) sense organ |
Embryology |
Physiology |
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Introduction-definition |
Basic knowledge of various system: (i) Cardiovascular system, (ii) respiratory, (iii) digestive, (iv) excretory, (v) reproductive, (vi) endocrine, (vii) lymphatic, (viii) central nervous, (xi) circulatory |
Special senses: (i) Auditory, (ii) olfactory, (iii) visual, (iv) tactile sensation, (v) taste sensation |
Pulse, BP-systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart sound (normal and abnormal), cyanosis, edema, and temperature regulation |
Skin |
Pathology |
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General pathology-introduction |
Haematology: (i) Haemoglobin-(a) estimation, (b) other details, (ii) ESR: (a) Estimation, (b) other details, (iii) complete blood count (CBC), (iv) blood and its function, (v) blood banking, (vi) blood coagulation, (vii) heamoopoesosis, (viii) anaemia's |
Haematology: (ix) Heamoglobinopathy |
Clinical pathology: (i) Body fluid-urine; stool and cerebo-spinal fluid-(a) collection, (b) normal values, (c) physical, chemical, and microscopic examination, other body fluid-(a) collection, (b) normal values |
Clinical pathology: Other body fluid-(c) Physical, chemical, and microscopic examination, and (d) transuded and exudates |
Microbiology |
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Introduction |
Bacteriology of water, food |
Bacteriology of milk, pasteurization of milk |
Lab diagnosis of: (i) Staphylococcal infection, (ii) streptococcal infection, (iii) diphtheria, (iv) meningitis, (v) typhoid fever, (vi) cholera, (vii) tuberculosis, (viii) bacillary dysentery, (ix) septicaemia |
Methods of colony count |
Disposal of biomedical waste |
Sterilization |
Culture media |
Identification methods of bacteria by colony character and stunning motility tests |
Microbial world and structure of mien be |
Antibiotic sensitivity testing |
Morphological variations and classification of bacteria |
Physiology and growth requirement of bacteria |
Anaerobiosis methods |
Disposal of laboratory waste |
Methods of inclusion of culture media from different samples |
Biochemistry |
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Introduction of biochemistry: (a) pH indicator, (b) ionization of water buffer, pH value of solution using, (c) definition and preparation if the reagent |
General biochemistry: (i) Collection and recording if biochemical specimen, separation of serum/ plasma preservation and disposal of biological material, (ii) chemical examination of urine and stool |
General biochemistry: (iii) Chemical examination of other body fluids and transuded, and exudates (iv) laboratory management and maintenance of record |
Introductive knowledge: (i) Carbohydrate, (ii) protein, (iii) lipid |
Electrolytes |
Liver function test |
Kidney function test |
Lipid profile |
Analytical biochemistry: (i) Estimation of specific gravity of urine, (ii) urinary protein, (iii) blood sugar, (iv) blood urea, (v) serum cretonne, (vi) blood cholesterol, (vii) serum bilrubin, SGPT, SGOT, (viii) alkaline phosphate, (xi) Australia antigen |
Grammar and comprehension |
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Subject-Verb concord |
Tense |
Voice |
Synthesis |
Common errors |
Vocabulary |
Unseen passage |
Elementary spoken English (theory of phonetics) |
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Sentence and paragraph writing |
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Report writing |
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Classification, format, and writing of reports |
Mechanics of language |
Technical description of things and process |
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Precis writing |
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Spoken English |
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Introduction of different dosage forms, their classification with examples-their relative applications |
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Familiarization with new drug delivery systems |
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Metrology |
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Systems of weights and measures |
Calculations including conversion from one to another system |
Percentage calculations and adjustments of products |
Use of allegation method in calculations, isotonic solutions |
Packing of pharmaceuticals |
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Desirable features of a container-type of containers |
Study of glass and plastics as materials for containers and rubber as a material for closures-their merits, and demerits |
Introduction to aerosol packaging |
Size reduction objectives, and factors affecting size reduction, methods of size reduction-study of hammer mill, ball mill, fluid energy mill, and disintegrator |
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Size separation |
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Size separation by sifting |
Official standard for powders |
Sedimentation methods of size separation |
Construction and working of cyclone separator |
Mixing and homogenization |
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Liquid mixing and powder mixing, mixing of semisolids, study of silver son mixer-homogenizer, planetary mixer; agitated powder mixer; triple roller mill; propeller mixer, colloid mill, and hand homogenizer |
Double cone mixer |
Clarification and filtration |
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Theory of filtration, filter media, filter aids and selection of filters |
Study of the following filtration equipments-filter press sintered filters, filter candles, metafilter |
Extraction and galenicals |
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Study of percolation and maceration, and their modification, continuation hot extraction-application in the preparation of tinctures and extracts |
Introduction to ayurvedic dosage forms |
Hear processes evaporation |
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Definitions factors affecting evaporation-study of evaporating still and evaporating pan |
Distillation |
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Simple distillation and fractional distillation; steam distillation and vacuum distillation |
Study of vacuum still, preparation of purified water IP and water for injection IP construction, and working of the still used for the same |
Introduction to drying process |
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Study of tray dryers: Fluidized bed dryer, vacuum dryer, and freeze dryer |
Sterilization |
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Concept of sterilization and its differences from disinfection-thermal resistance of microorganisms |
Detailed study of the following sterilization process: (i) Sterilization with moist heat, (ii) dry heat sterilization, (iii) sterilization by radiation, (iv) sterilization by filtration and, (v) gaseous sterilization |
Aseptic techniques |
Application of sterilization process in hospitals particularly with reference to surgical dressings and intravenous fluids |
Precautions for safe and effective handling of sterilization equipment |
Processing of tablets |
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Definition: different types of compressed tablets and their properties |
Processes involved in the production of tablets; tablets excipients; defects in tablets |
Evaluation of tablets; physical standards including disintegration and dissolution |
Tablets coating-sugar coating; film coating, enteric coating and microencapsulation (tablets coating may be dealt in an elementary manner) |
Processing of capsules |
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Hard and soft gelatin capsules; different sizes capsules; filling of capsules; handling and storage of capsules, special applications of capsules |
Study of immunological products like sera vaccine toxoids and their preparations |
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General discussion on the following inorganic compounds including important physical and chemical properties, medicinal and pharmaceutical uses, storage conditions and chemical incompatibility |
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Acid, bases, and buffers boric acid, hydrochloric acid, strong ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and official buffers |
Antioxidants-hypophosphorous acid, sulphur dioxide, sodium bisulphate, sodium metabisulphite, sodium thiosulphate, nitrogen and sodium nitrate |
Gastrointestinal agents: (i) Acidifying agents dilute hydrocholoric acid, (ii) antacids-sodium bicarbonate, aluminium hydroxide gel, aluminium phosphate, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium trisilicate, magnesium oxide |
Gastrointestinal agents: (ii) combinations of antacid preparations, (iii) protectives and adsorbents-bisurnuth subcar, bonate, and kaolin, (iv) saline cathartics-sodium potassium tartrate and magnesium sulphate |
Topical agents: (i) Protectives-talc, zinc oxide, calamine, zinc stearate. Titanium dioxide. Silicone polymers, (ii) antimicrobials and astrigents-hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, chlorinated lime. Iodine, solutions of iodine, povidone-iodine |
Topical agents: (ii) Antimicrobials and astrigents-boric acid, borax. Silver nitrate, mild silver protein, mercury, yellow mercuric oxide, ammoniated mercury, (iii) sulphur and its compounds-sublimed sulphur precipitated sulphur, selenium sulphide |
Topical agents: (iv) Astringents-alum and zinc sulphate |
Dental products: Sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, calcium carbonate, sodium metaphosphate, dicalcium phosphate, strontium chloride, zinc chloride |
Inhalants: Oxygen, carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide |
Respiratory stimulants: Ammonium carbonate |
Expectorants and emetics: Ammonium chloride, potassium iodide, antimony potassium tartrate |
Antidotes: Sodium nitrate |
Major intra and extracellular electrolytes |
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Electrolytes used for replacement therapy: Sodium chloride and its preparations, potassium chloride and its preparations |
Physiological acid-base balance and electrolytes used: Sodium acetate, potassium acetate, sodium chloride, and its preparations |
Combination of oral electrolyte powders and solutions |
Inorganic official compounds of iron, iodine and calcium ferrous sulfate, and calcium gluconate |
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Radio pharmaceuticals and contrast media |
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Radio activity: Alpha, beta, and gamma radiations, biological effects of radiations, measurement of radio activity, GM counter radio isotopes-their uses, storage and precautions with special reference to the official preparations |
Radio opaque contrast media: Barium sulfate |
Quality control of drugs and pharmaceuticals |
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Importance of quality control, significant errors, methods used for quality control, sources of impurities in pharmaceuticals |
Limit tests for arsenic, chloride, sulphate, iron, and heavy metals |
Identification tests for captions and anions as per Indian pharmacopoeia |
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Definition, history, and scope of pharmacognosy including indigenous system of medicine |
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Various systems of classification of drugs of natural origin |
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Adulteration and drug evaluation; significance of pharmacopoeial standards |
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Brief outline of occurrence, distribution, outline of isolation, identification tests, therapeutic effects and pharmaceutical applications of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, volatile oils, tannins, and resins |
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Occurrence, distribution, organoleptic evaluation, chemical constituents including tests wherever applicable and therapeutic efficacy of following categories of drugs |
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Laxatives: Aloes, rhuburb, castor oil, ispaghula, senna |
Cardiotonics: Digital, Arjuna |
Carminatives and GI regulators: Umbelliferous fruits, coriander, fennel, ajowan, cardamon ginger, black pepper, asafoetida, nutmeg, cinnamon, clove |
Astringents: Catechu |
Drugs acting on nervous system: Hyoseyamus, belladonna, aconite, ashwagandha, ephedra, opium, cannabis, nux vomica |
Antihypertensives: Rouwalfis |
Antitussives: Vasaka, tolu balsam tulsi |
Antirheumatics: Guggul, colchium |
Antileprotics: Chaulmoogra oil |
Antidiabetics: Pterocarpus, gymnema, sylvestro |
Diuretics: Gokhru, punarnava |
Antidysenstrics: Ipecacuanha |
Antiseptics and disinfectants benzion, myrrh, nim, curcuma |
Antimalarials: Cinchuna |
Oxytocics: Ergot |
Vitamins: Shark liver oil and amla |
Enzymes: Papaya, diastase, yeast |
Perfumes and flavouring agents: Peppermint oil, lemon oil, orange oil, lemon grass oil and sandal wood |
Pharmaceuticals aids: Hone, arachis oil, starch kaolin, peetin, olive oil, lanolin, beeswax, acacia, tragacanth, sodium alhinate, agar, guar gum, gelatin |
Miscellaneous: Liquorice, garlic, picrorhiza, dioscorea, linseed, shatavari, shankhanushpi, pyrethrum, tobacco |
Collection and preparation of crude drug for the market as exemplified by ergot, optimum, rauwofia, digitalis, senna |
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Study of source, preparation and identification of fibers used in sutures, and surgical dressings-cotton, slid, wool, and regenerated fibre |
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Gross anatomical studies of senna, datura, cinnamon, cinchona, fennel, clove, ginger, nuxvomica, and ipecacuanha |
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Introduction to biochemistry |
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Brief chemistry and role of proteins, polypeptides and amino acids classification, qualitative tests, biological value |
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Deficiency diseases |
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Classification, qualitative tests |
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Diseases related to carbohydrate metabolism |
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Brief chemistry and role of lipids, classification, qualitative tests |
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Diseases related to lipids metabolism |
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Brief chemistry and role of vitamins and coenzyme |
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Role of minerals and water in life processes |
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Enzymes |
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Brief concept of enzymic action |
Factors affecting it |
Therapeutic and pharmaceutical importance |
Brief concept of normal and abnormal metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids |
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Introduction to pathology of blood and urine |
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Lymphocytes and platelets, their role in health and disease |
Erthrocytes abnormal cells and their significance |
Abnormal constituents of urine and their significance in diseases |
Scope of anatomy and physiology |
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Definition of various terms used in anatomy |
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Structure of cells, functions of its components with special reference to mitochondria and microsomes |
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Elementary tissues of the body i.e. epithelial tissue, muscular tissue, connective tissue, and nervous tissue |
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Structure and function of skeleton |
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Classification of joints and their function, joint disorder |
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Composition of blood, functions of blood elements |
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Blood group and coagulation of blood |
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Brief information regarding disorders of blood |
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Name and functions of lymph glands |
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Structure and functions of various parts of the heart |
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Arterial and venous system with special reference to the names and positions of main arteries, and veins |
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Blood pressure and its recording |
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Brief information about cardiovascular disorders |
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Various parts of respiratory system and their functions |
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Physiology of respiration |
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Various parts of urinary system and their functions, structure and functions of kidney |
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Physiology of urine formation |
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Pathophysiology of renal diseases and oedema |
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Structure of skeletal |
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Muscle |
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Physiology of muscle construction |
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Names, position, attachments, and functions of various skeletal muscles |
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Physiology of neuromuscular junction |
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Various parts of central nervous system, brain and its parts, functions and reflex action |
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Anatomy and physiology of autonomic nervous system |
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Elementary knowledge of structure and functions of the organs of taste, smell, ear, eye, and skin |
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Physiology of pain |
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Digestive system; names of the various parts of digestive system and their functions |
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Structure and functions of liver, physiology of digestion and absorption |
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Endocrine glands and hormones |
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Locations of the glands, their hormones and functions |
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Pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, and pancreas |
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Reproductive system |
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Physiology and anatomy of reproductive system |
Concepts of health |
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Definition of physical health, mental health, social health, spiritual health determinaters of health, indicators of health, concept of disease, natural history of disease, the disease agents, concept of prevention of diseases |
Nutrition and health |
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Classification of foods requirements, disease induced due to deficiency of proteins, vitamins, and minerals-treatment and prevention |
Demography and family planning |
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Demography cycle, fertility, family planning, contraceptive methods, behavioral methods, natural family planning method, chemical method, mechanical methods |
Hormonal contraceptives, population problem of India |
First aid |
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Emergency treatment in shock, snake-bite, burns poisoning, heart disease, fractures, and resuscitation methods |
Elements of minor surgery and dressings |
Environment and health |
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Sources of water supply, water pollution, purification of water, health and air, noise light-solid waste disposal and control-medical entomology, arthropod borne diseases and their control, rodents, animals, and diseases |
Fundamental principles of microbiology classification of microbes, isolation, staining techniques of organisms of common diseases |
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Communicable diseases-causative agents modes of transmission and prevention |
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(a) Respiratory infection: Chicken pox, measles influenza, diphtheria, whooping cough and tuberculosis |
(b) Intestinal infections: Poliomyelitis, hepatitis cholera, typhoid, food poisoning, Hookworm infection |
(c) Arthropod borne infections: Plague, malaria, filariasis |
(d) Surface infections: Rabies, trachoma, tetanus, leprosy |
(e) Sexually transmitted diseases: Syphilis, gonorrhea, AIDS |
Non communication diseases |
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Causative agents prevention care and control cancer, diabetes, blindness, cardiovascular diseases |
Epidemiology |
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Its scope, methods, uses, dynamics of disease transmission |
Immunity and immunization: immunological products and their dose schedule |
Principles of disease control and prevention, hospital acquired infection, prevention, and control |
Disinfection, types of disinfection, disinfection procedures, for faces, urine, sputum, room linen dead-bodies, instruments |
Dispensing pharmacy |
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Prescription: Reading and understanding of prescription; Latin terms commonly used (detailed study is not necessary), modern methods of prescribing, adoption of metric system. Calculation involved in dispensing |
Incompatibilities in prescriptions: Study of various types of incompatibilities-physical, chemical, and therapeutic |
Posology: Dose and dosage of drugs, factors influencing dose, calculations of doses on the basis of age, sex, and surface area. Veterinary doses |
Dispensed medications |
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Powders: Types of powders, advantages and disadvantages of powder, granules, cachets, and tablet triturates. Preparation of different types of powder encountered in prescription. Weighing methods, possible errors in weighing |
Powders: Minimum weighable amounts and weighing of material below the minimum weighable amount, geometric dilution and proper usage, and care of dispensing balance |
Liquid oral dosage form: (a) Monophasic-theoretical aspects including commonly used vehicles, essentials adjuvant like stabilizers, colourants, and flavours |
Liquid oral dosage form: (a) Monophasic-review of the following monophasic liquids with details of formulation and practical methods: (i) Liquids for internal administration, liquid for external administration or used on mucus membrane |
Liquid oral dosage form: (a) Monophasic-review of the following monophasic liquids with details of formulation and practical methods: (ii) Mixtures and concentrates syrups, gargles, mouth washes, throat-paints, douches |
Liquid oral dosage form: (a) Monophasic-review of the following monophasic liquids with details of formulation and practical methods: (iii) Elixirs, ear drops, nasal drops and sprays, liniments, lotions |
Liquid oral dosage forms: (b) Biphasic liquid dosage forms-(i) suspensions (elementary study) suspensions containing diffusible solids and liquids and their preperations |
Liquid oral dosage forms: (b) Biphasic liquid dosage forms-(i) study of the adjuvants used like thickening-agents, wetting agents tinctures, their necessity and quantity to be incorporated |
Liquid oral dosage forms: (b) Biphasic liquid dosage forms-(i) suspension of precipitate forming liquids like tinctures, their preparations and stability. Suspensions produced by chemical reaction |
Liquid oral dosage form: (b) Biphasic liquid dosage forms-(i) an introduction to flocculated, non flocculated suspension system |
Liquid oral dosage form: (b) Biphasic liquid dosage forms-(ii) emulsions-types of emulsions, identifications of emulsions system, formulation of emulsions. Selections of emulsifying agents, instabilities in emulsions. Preservation of emulsions |
Semi-solids dosage forms: (a) Ointments-types of ointments, classifications and selection of dermatology vehicles |
Semi-solids dosage forms: (a) Ointments-preparation and stability of ointments by the following processes: (i) Triturations, (ii) fusion, (iii) chemical reaction (iv) emulsification |
Semi-solids dosage forms: (b) Pastes-deference between ointments and pastes, bases of pastes. Preparation of pastes and their preservation |
Semi-solids dosage forms: (c) Jellies-an introduction to the different types of jellies and their preparations, (d) an elementary study of poultice |
Semi-solids dosage forms: (e) Suppositories and peccaries-their relative merits and demerits, types of suppositories, suppository base, classification, properties, preparation and packing of suppositories, uses of suppositories for drug absorption |
Dental and cosmetic preparation: Introduction to dentifrices, facial cosmetics, deodorants, antiperspirants, shampoos, hair dressing and hair removers |
Sterile dosage forms: (a) Parental dosage forms-definition, general requirements for parental dosage forms. Types of parental formulations, vehicles, adjuvant, processing, personnel, facilities and quality control |
Sterile dosage forms: (a) Parental dosage forms-preparation of intravenous fluids and admixtures-total parental nutrition, dialysis fluids |
Sterile dosage forms: (b) Sterile testing, particulate matter monitoring-faulty seal packaging |
Sterile dosage forms: (c) Ophthalmic products-study of essential characteristics of different ophthalmic preparations. Formulation additives, special precaution in handling and storage of ophthalmic products |
Introduction to the nomenclature of organic chemical systems with particular reference to heterocyclic system containing up to 3 rings |
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The chemistry of following pharmaceutical organic compounds, covering their nomenclature, chemical structure, uses and the important physical, and chemical properties (chemical structure of only those compounds marked with asterisk (*) |
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The stability and storage conditions and the different type of pharmaceutical formulations of these drugs, and their popular brand names |
The chemistry of following pharmaceutical organic compounds, covering their nomenclature, chemical structure, uses and the important physical, and chemical properties (chemical structure of only those compounds marked with asterisk |
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Antiseptics and disinfectants: Proflavine*, benzal-koniumchloride, cetrimide, chlorocresol, chloroxylene. Formaldehyde solution, hexachlorophene, liquefied phenol, nitrofurantoin |
Sulfonamides: Sulfadiazine, sulfa guanidine*, phathalysulfathiazolc, succinylsufathiazole, fadimethoxine, sulfamethoxypyridazine, methoxazole. Cotrirnoxazole. Sulfacetamide* |
Antileprotic drugs: Clofazimine, thiambutosine. Dapsone, solapsone |
Anti-tubercular drug: Isoniazid*. PAS* streptomycin, rifampicin, ethambutol, thiascetazone, ethionamide, cycloserine, pyrazinamide* |
Antiamoebic and anthelmintic drugs: Emetine metronidazole* halogenated, hydroxyquinolines, diloxanide furoate, paramomycin piperazine*, mebendazole, D.E.C.* |
Antibiotics: Benzyl penicillin, phenoxy methyl. Penicillin*. Benzathine penicillin, ampicilin cloxacillin, carbenicillin, gentamicin, neomycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, cephalcxin, cephaloridine cephalothin, griserfulvin, chloramphenicol |
Antifungal agents: Undecylenic acid, tolnaflate nystatin, amphotericin, hamycin |
Antimalarial drugs: Chloroquine* amodiaquine primaquine, proguanil, pyrimethamine*. Quinine trimethoprim |
Tranquilizers: Chlorpromazine* prochlorperazine, trifluoperazine thiothixene, haloperiodol*, triperiod, oxypertine, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam* lorazepam, memprobamate |
Hypnotics: Phenobarbitone*, butobarbitone, cyclobarbitone, nitrazepam, glutethimide, meghyprylone, paraldehyde, triclofos sodium |
General anaesthetics: Halothane*, cyclopropane*, diethyl ether*, meghohexital sodium, thiopental sodium, trichloraethlene |
Antidepressant drugs: Amitriptyline, nortryptyline, imipramine* phenelzine, tranylcypromine |
Analeptics: Theophylline, caffeine*. Coramine* dextroamphetamine |
Adrenergic drugs: Adrenaline*, noradrenaline, isoprenaline*, phenylephrine, salbutamol, terbutaline, ephedrine*, pseudoephedrine |
Adrenergic antagonist: Tolazoline, propranolol*, practolol |
Cholinergic drugs: Neostigmine*, pyridostigmine pralidoxime, pilocarpine, physostigmine* |
Cholinergic antagonists: Atropine*, hyoscine, homatropine, propantheline, benztropine tropicamide, biperiden* |
Diuretic drugs: Furosemide*, chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide*, benzhiazide, urea*, mannitol*, ethacrynic acid |
Cardiovascular drugs: Ethyl nitrite*, glyceryl trinitrate, alpha methyl dopa, guanethidine, clofibrate quinidine |
Hypogycemic agents: Insulin, chlorpropamide*, tolbutamide, glibenclamide, pheformin, metformin |
Coagulants and anti coagulants: Heparin thrombin menadione*, bishydoroxcoumarin, warfarin sodium |
Local anaesthetics: Lignocaine*, procaine benzocaine |
Histaminc and antihistaminic agents: Histamine, diphenhydramine*, promethazine, cyproheptadine, mephyramine, pheniramine, chlorapheniramine* |
Analgesics and anti pyretics: Morphin phethidine*, codeine, meghadone aspirin*, praracetamol*, analgin, dextropropoxyphene, pentazocine |
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents: Indomethacin*, phenylbutazone*, oxyphenbutazone, ibuprofen, thyroxine and antithyroids thyroxinem, methimazole, methylthiouracil propylthiouracil |
Diagnostic agents: Iopanoic acid, propyliodone, sulfobromophthalcin, sodium indigotindisulfonate, indigo, carmine, evansblue, congo red, fluorescein sodium |
Anticonvulsants*, cardiac glycosides, antiarrhythmic antihypertensives, and vitamins |
Steroidal drugs: Betamethasone, cortisone, hydrocortisone, prednisolone, progesterone, testosterone, oestradiol nandrolone |
Antineoplastic drugs: Actinomycins, azathioprine, busulphan, chlorambucil, cisplatin cyclophosphamide, daunorubicin hydrochloride, fluorouracil, mercaptopurine, methotrexate, mitomycin |
Introduction to pharmacology, the scope of pharmacology |
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Routes of administration of drugs, their advantages and disadvantages |
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Various processes of absorption of drugs and the factors affecting them, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of drugs |
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General mechanism of drugs action and the factors which modify drug action |
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Pharmacological classification of drugs |
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The discussion of drugs should emphasize the following aspects |
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Drugs acting on nervous system: (a) General anaesthetics, adjunction to anaesthesia, intravenous anaesthetics, (b) analgesic antipyretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotic analgesics, antirheumatic and antigout remedies |
Drugs acting on the nervous system: (b) Sedatives and hypnotics, psychopharmacological agents, anticonvulsants, analeptics, (c) centrally acting muscle relaxants and anti parkinsonism agents |
Local anaesthetics |
Drug acting on autonomic nervous system: (a) Cholinergic drug, an anticholinergic drug, anticholinesterase drugs, (b) adrenergic drugs and adrenergic receptor blocker, (c) neurone blockers and ganglion blockers |
Drug acting on autonomic nervous system: (d) Neuromuscular blockers, drugs used in myasthenia gravis |
Drugs acting on eye, mydriatics, drugs used in glaucoma |
Drugs acting on the respiratory system: Respiratory stimulants, bronchodilators, nasal decongestants, expectorants and antitussive agents |
Antacids, the physiological role of; histamine and serotonin, histamine and antihistamines, prostaglandins |
Cardiovascular drugs, cardiotonic, antiarrhythmic agents, antianginal agents |
Antihypertensive agents, peripheral vasodilators and drugs used in atherosclerosis |
Drugs acting on the blood and blood-forming organs |
Haematinics, coagulants and anticoagulants, haemostatics, blood substitutes and plasma expanders |
Drugs affecting renal function: Diuretics and antidiuretics |
Hormones and hormone antagonists: Hypoglycemic agents, antithyroid drugs, sex hormones and oral contraceptives, corticosteroids |
Drugs acting on digestive system: Carminatives, digestants bitters, antacids and drugs used in peptic ulcer, purgatives, and laxatives, antidiarrhoeals, emetics, antiemetics, antispasmodics |
Chemotherapy of microbial disease: Urinary antiseptics, sulphonamides, penicillin, streptomycin, tetracyclines and other antibiotics, antitubercular agents, antifungal agents, antiviral drugs, antileprotic drugs |
Chemotherapy of protozoal diseases |
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Anthelmintic drugs |
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Chemotherapy of cancer |
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Disinfectants and antiseptics |
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Origin and nature of pharmaceutical legislation in India, its scope, and objectives |
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Evolution of the 'concept of pharmacy' as an integral part of the health care system |
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Principles and significance of professional ethics |
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Critical study of the code of pharmaceutical ethics drafted by pharmacy council in India |
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Pharmacy act 1948 |
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The general study of the pharmacy act with special reference to education regulations, working of state and central councils, constitutions of these councils and functions, registration procedures under the act |
The drugs and cosmetics act, 1940 |
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General study of the drugs and cosmetics act, and rules thereunder, definitions and salient features related to retail and wholesale distribution of drugs |
The powers of inspectors, the sampling procedures and the procedure, and formalities in obtaining licenses under the rule |
Facilities to be provided for running a pharmacy effectively |
General study of the schedules with special reference of schedules C, C1, F, G, J, H, P, and X and salient features of labelling, and storage condition of drugs |
The drugs and magic remedies act, 1954 |
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General study of the act objectives, special reference to be laid on advertisements |
Magic remedies and objectionable and permitted advertisements-disease which cannot be claimed to be cured |
Narcotics drugs and psychotropic substance act, 1985 |
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A brief study of the act with special reference to its objectives, offences and punishment |
A brief introduction to the study of the following acts |
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Latest drugs (price control) order in force |
Poisons act 1919 (as amended to date) |
Medicinal and toilet preparations (excise duties) act, 1955 (as amended to date) |
Medicinal termination of pregnancy act, 1971 (as amended to date) |
Commerce |
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Introduction-trade, industry, and commerce, functions and subdivision of Commerce, introduction to elements of economics and management |
Forms of business organizations |
Channels of Distribution |
Drug house management: Selection of site, space layout and legal requirements. Importance and objectives of Purchasing, selection of suppliers, credit information, tenders, contracts and price determination and legal requirements thereto |
Drug house management: Codification handling of drug stores and other hospital supplies |
Inventory control: Objects and importance, modern techniques like ABC< VED analysis, the lead time, inventory carrying cost, safety stock, minimum and maximum stock levels, economic order quantity, scrap and surplus disposal |
Sales promotion, market research, salesmanship, qualities of a salesman, advertising and window display |
Recruitment, training, evaluation, and compensation of the pharmacist |
Banking and finance service and functions of the bank |
Finance planning and sources of finance |
Accountancy |
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Introduction to the accounting concepts and conventions, double-entry bookkeeping, different kinds of accounts |
Cashbook |
General ledger and trial balance |
Profit and loss account and balance sheet |
The simple technique of analyzing financial statements |
Introduction to budgeting |
Hospital pharmacy |
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Hospital definition, function, classifications based on various criteria, organization, management and health delivery system in India |
Hospital pharmacy: (a) Definition, (b) functions and objectives of hospital pharmaceutical services, (c) location, layout, flow chart of material and men, (d) personnel and facilities requirements including equipment based on individual, and basic needs |
Hospital pharmacy: (e) Requirements and abilities required for hospital pharmacists |
Drug distribution systems in hospitals: (a) Out-patient services, (b) in-patient services-(i) types of services (ii) detailed discussion of unit Dose system, Floor ward stock system, Satellite pharmacy services, central sterile services, bedside pharmacy |
Manufacturing: (a) Economical considerations, estimation of demand, (b) sterile manufacture-large and small volume parenterals, facilities, requirements, layout production planning, man-power requirements, (c) non-sterile manufacture-liquid orals |
Manufacturing: (c) Externals-bulk concentrates, (d) procurement of stores and testing of raw materials |
Nomenclature and uses of surgical instruments and hospital equipment and health accessories |
P.T.C. (pharmacy therapeutic committee), hospital formulary system, and their organization, functioning, composition |
Drug information service and drug information bulletin |
Surgical dressing like cotton, gauze, bandages, and adhesive tapes including their pharmacopoeial tests for quality |
Other hospital supply examples 1V sets BG sets, ryals tubes, catheters, syringes, etc |
Application of computer in the maintenance of records, inventory control, medication monitoring, drug information and data storage and retrieval in hospital retail pharmacy establishments |
Clinical pharmacy |
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Introduction to clinical pharmacy practice-definition, scope |
Modern dispensing aspects-pharmacists and patient counselling and advice for the use of common drugs, medication history |
Common daily terminology used in the practice of medicine |
Disease, manifestation, and pathophysiology including salient symptoms to understand the disease like tuberculosis, hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, diabetes, peptic ulcer, hypertension |
Physiological parameters with their significance |
Drug interactions: (a) Definition and introduction, (b) mechanism of drug interaction, (c) drug-drug interaction with reference to analgesics, diuretics, cardiovascular drugs, gastrointestinal agents, vitamins and hypoglycaemic agents |
Drug interactions: (d) Drug-food interactions |
Adverse drug reactions: (a) Definition and significance, (b) drug-induced diseases and teratogenicity |
Drugs in clinical toxicity: Introduction, general treatment of poisoning, systematic antidotes. Treatment of insecticide poisoning, heavy metal poison, narcotic drugs, barbiturate, organophosphorus poisons |
Drug dependences, drug abuse, addictive drugs and their treatment, complications |
Bioavailability of drugs, including factors affecting it |
Grammar and comprehension |
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Subject-Verb concord |
Tense |
Voice |
Synthesis |
Common errors |
Vocabulary |
Unseen passage |
Elementary spoken English (theory of phonetics) |
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Sentence and paragraph writing |
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Report writing |
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Classification, format, and writing of reports |
Mechanics of language |
Technical description of things and process |
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Precis writing |
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Spoken English |
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Completing the syllabus is not a mere criterion. You must have a good understanding of the basic concepts and their application. Getting ambushed will stress you out even more and never give you a greater understanding of the matter. Follow these tips to score better in any entrance exam
1) Do not procrastinate, you can leave topics pending and soon you will have the exam date hanging over your head. Check beforehand that you have all the topics and subjects lined up and understood.
2) Problem solving is important and long winded answers won't help. Think smart and write smart, if the solution requires more than 8 steps, take a deep breath and reevaluate your approach.
3) You have to make a conscious effort to monitor your speed and accuracy to solve the question paper.
4) Mock tests and model papers are a must and can be practiced to brush up your skills no matter how many times you have solved one. Each attempt can make you realize something that you missed before.
5) Being innovative and intuitive creates a great balance when solving non-textbook problems. Practice is useful when solving the questionnaire, but common sense should not be discouraged.
6) Always read the questionnaire with ease and don't rush to answer quickly because nothing will spoil things like being too eager to finish first.
7) Don't think negative and try to maintain a positive mind and thoughts while preparing for the entrance exam.
8) The last few days are used to clear any doubts you may have, no matter how big or small, you should never enter the exam hall with any hesitation about topics that you have never prepared for and are now part of the entrance. exam.
9) Revision is the key to maintain a healthy mind as picking up more topics right at the end of the preparation days will only add to a lot of confusion and less result.
10) Once you have cleared your doubts and dusted off a few pointers that you have prioritized, don't bother your mind with more pressure. The day before the exam, simply relax and leave the stress aside, a positive attitude and a calm mind will certainly benefit you for the exam.
04 Apr 2023
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